Kiela

Kiela → Italian, Portuguese.

Kiela

First Description: Dr. Max Buchner, 1887

Cycles: Two

Ranks: Four

Sowing: Multiple laps

Region: Angola

Kiela is a mancala game played by Kimbundu speaking people in northern Angola near Grandos Lagos and Alto Zambeze. The name of the game means "puzzle" or "mindsport"

The game plays an important role in the oral literature and it is said to be a game of peace because "it can turn enemies into friends". The "Instituto Nacional do Património Cultural" reported that a tournament was held in 1989 by the SIAC/Fenacult. On January 5, 1999, the government of Angola instituted the "Prémio Kiela", a tournament which has offered prizes up to 1,500 US$ for the winner. In the early 2000s, the game was supported by the Angolan Ministry of Culture and the province governor Aníbal Rocha.

In 1991, Bernardo Francisco Campos developed the first Kiela software and registered it with the Directorate of Spectacles Property Rights, in Lisbon. He authored a Kiela book in 1998, which was published in Portuguese, English, and French. On January 6, 2001, an Angolan organization called "Associação para a Promoção do Kiela (Aprokiela)" was founded by Bernardo Francisco Campos and Amarildo da Conceição with the objective to promote Kiela and other cultural values. Campos also trademarked the game in 18 countries, among them South Africa (2001), the European Union (?), and the USA (2004). He maintained an Angolan web site (kiela-game.com), which became defunct in about 2010.

Rules

Kiela is played on a board made by four rows of ten holes. Each player controls the two rows on his side of the board.

The initial position depends on the experience and strength of the players:

• Beginners start with one seed in each hole of the outer rows and one stone in each of the four right holes of each player's inner row.

Initial Position for Beginners

• Advanced players start with two seeds per hole in the same holes as described above.

Initial Position for Advanced Players

• Expert players may, at their first turn, rearrange the stones on their side.

Possible Position after Expert Play

At his turn a player takes the contents of one of his holes, which contains two or more seeds, and sows them one by one anti-clockwise into the succeeding holes of his board side.

If the last stone lands in an empty hole, the turn ends.

If the last stone lands in an occupied hole all these stones (the one just landed plus the ones that were already there) are picked up and sown in another lap.

• If this occupied hole is in the inner row and the opposite hole of the opponent is occupied, the stones of this hole are captured and the player keeps on sowing with them starting in the hole following the one that allowed him to capture.

• If the outer hole of the opponent is also occupied, the player captures also its stones, and then sows the stones of both opponent's holes.

When a player cannot move (i.e., all his holes are empty or contain single stones), he has lost.

Special rules for beginners:

• Beginners are permitted to move a single stone.
• A player has lost, only if all his holes are empty.

Quote

The underlying philosophy behind Kiela is one of peace. Conflicts and disagreements must give way to intelligence, mutual tolerance, good sense and respect for human life.

-Fernando Faria de Oliveira

External Links

• About a Kiela program developped by Irineu Souuto
• Rosy and Yolanda playing the African game known as Kiela in Angola (Photo)

References

Buchner, M.

Das Kiella-Spiel der Neger. In: Globus: Illustrierte Zeitschrift für Länder- und Völkerkunde 1887; 51 (1): 8.

Campos, B. F.

Kiela: Um Jogo de Origem Africana. Livraria Bertrand, Lisboa (Portugal) & Livraria Lello, Luanda (Angola) 1998.

Campos, B. F.

Game Board (US Patent D. 484,919). United States Patent and Trademark Office, Washington DC (USA) 2002.

Instituto Nacional do Património Cultural

Torneio de wella/kiela integrado no SIAC/Fenacult 89. Republica Popular de Angola, Secretaria de Estado da Cultura, Instituto Nacional do Patrimonio Cultural 1989.

Copyright

© Wikimanqala.
By: Víktor Bautista i Roca.
Under the CC by-sa 2.5.